Compressor design for a heat pump in an electric vehicle
Jazyk: | ruština |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: | |
DOI: | 10.18720/spbpu/3/2021/vr/vr21-3071 |
Popis: | С ÑазвиÑием наÑки и ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ авÑомобили на новой ÑнеÑгии Ñакже наÑали Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² поле зÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑеловеÑеÑÑва и поÑÑепенно вÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑнок, оÑобенно Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñвлением ÑлекÑÑомобилей, ÑÑо ÑÑало ÑенденÑией в бÑдÑÑем ÑазвиÑии авÑомобилÑной пÑомÑÑленноÑÑи. ÐÑи ÑÑом Ñакже оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ налиÑие в Ñалоне авÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÑоÑÑной ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолÑ. Ðднако обÑÑнÑе авÑомобили на Ñопливе могÑÑ Ð¸ÑполÑзоваÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑеÑмиÑÑоÑнÑй нагÑев Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñепла, в Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑлекÑÑомобили могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑеÑÑ ÑолÑко ÑепловÑм наÑоÑом или ÑÑÑбÑаÑÑм ÑлекÑÑонагÑеваÑелем (ТÐÐ), поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑелÑ, и ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑод поÑÑеблÑÐµÑ Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾ 30-40% ÑлекÑÑоÑнеÑгии. ÐоÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ пÑавилÑно вÑбиÑаÑÑ ÑÑÑекÑивнÑÑ Ð¸ недоÑогÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñеплового наÑоÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸ÑÑледованиÑ. ÐÑ Ð²ÑбÑали ÑлекÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñеплового наÑоÑа Ñ R134aв каÑеÑÑве Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð³ÐµÐ½Ñа. ÐÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ и ÑÑеднего ÑазмеÑа ÑлекÑÑиÑеÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑанÑпоÑÑнÑÑ ÑÑедÑÑв в каÑеÑÑве пÑимеÑа, Ð¼Ñ ÑазÑабоÑали ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñеплового наÑоÑа, коÑоÑÑй Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑполÑзован в Ñ Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑловиÑÑ , ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑдовлеÑвоÑиÑÑ ÑемпеÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑ Ð° в помеÑении, обеÑпеÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñи ÑÑом ÑаÑÑÑоÑние Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑлекÑÑиÑеÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑанÑпоÑÑнÑÑ ÑÑедÑÑв. СнаÑала ÑаÑÑÑиÑÑваем ÑепловÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÑÐ·ÐºÑ ÑлекÑÑомобилей в Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑловиÑÑ , а заÑем опÑеделÑем показаÑели ÑÑÑекÑивноÑÑи, Ñо еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñи ÑемпеÑаÑÑÑе окÑÑжаÑÑей ÑÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÑÑ15 °C ÑиÑÑема Ñеплового наÑоÑа Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ 7000 ÐÑ Ñепла, Ñак ÑÑо ÑемпеÑаÑÑÑа в Ñалоне ÑлекÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑигаÑÑ 25 °C, а коÑÑÑиÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑнеÑгоÑÑÑекÑивноÑÑи Ñеплового наÑоÑа болÑÑе 2.0. ÐаÑем опÑеделиÑе ÑиклиÑеÑкие ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ ÑабоÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑезÑлÑÑаÑам ÑаÑÑеÑа, а заÑем вÑбеÑиÑе и ÑопоÑÑавÑÑе компÑеÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¸ ÑкажиÑе конÑÑÑÑкÑивнÑе паÑамеÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑеÑÑоÑа. With the development of science and technology, new energy vehicles have also begun to enter the field of vision of mankind, and gradually enter the market, especially the emergence of electric vehicles, which has become a trend in the future development of the automotive industry. In this case, it is also very important to have a comfortable climate control system in the car. But ordinary fuel vehicles can brave the engine cooling water or the rmistor heating to provide heat, while electric vehicles can only be heated by a heat pump or tubular electric heater (TEN) because they do not have an engine, and this method consumes about 30%-40% of the electrical energy. Therefore, we select an efficient and inexpensive heat pump system for research. We choose the electric vehicle heat pump system using R134a as the refrigerant. Taking small and medium sized electric vehicles as an example, we have developed a heat pump system that can be used in cold conditions to meet the indoor temperature while maintaining the driving distance of electric vehicles. First, we calculate the thermal load of electric vehicles in winter conditions, and then determine the efficiency indicators, that is, at a temperature of minus 15°C, the heat pump system can generate more than 7000W of heat, so that the indoor temperature of the electric vehicle can reach 25°C, and the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system is greater than 2.0.Then determine the cyclical conditions of the system from the results of the calculation, and then select and match the compressor and specify the design parameters of the compressor |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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