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Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the use of domestic rabbits in toxicity and safety testing of substances such as drugs, chemicals, and medical devices that can impact human safety. While nonclinical testing also benefits animals, as with development of veterinary drugs, the examples and procedures described in this chapter represent those commonly used in research and regulated nonclinical safety testing settings. Toxicity and safety studies are always conducted in compliance with applicable regulations, laws, policies, and guidelines as well as the requirements specified by the facility's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Domestic rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, are easily housed and handled. Rabbits are small relative to other species, evaluated in toxicity and safety studies, but large enough to easily conduct ocular and dermal irritation and embryo-fetal evaluations. Exposure to drugs and chemicals can result in toxicity manifest in specific organs, known as target organs of toxicity. Test materials can be administered to rabbits by a variety of routes including dermal, ocular, oral, inhalation, intranasal, intramuscular (IM), intraperitoneal, intravenous (IV, including continuous IV infusion), subcutaneous (SC), sublingual, and vaginal. |
