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espanolObjetivo: Realizar el diseno mecanico de un reactor de tornillo para la obtencion de bioaceite mediante pirolisis rapida de biomasa residual. Metodologia: Se realizo una estimacion del potencial energetico de la biomasa residual. Se calcularon las variables termicas y mecanicas para el dimensionamiento del reactor y la seleccion de sus componentes. Para seleccionar el reactor mas adecuado se aplico la metodologia del Despliegue de la Funcion Calidad. Se realizo un analisis de esfuerzos mediante la herramienta informatica Solidworks®, cuyos resultados permitieron ratificar los parametros y dimensiones seleccionados para la construccion del reactor. Resultados: Se selecciono un reactor de doble tornillo con seccion transversal en U con base plana. Se determino que el calor necesario para llevar a cabo la reaccion de pirolisis rapida fue 927 kJ/kg. Se selecciono un tornillo sinfin de 1.68 m de longitud, 1.25 pulgadas de diametro mayor y 1.5 pulgadas de paso, en acero inoxidable austenitico 316, accionado por un motorreductor de potencia 0.25 HP y torque 20 Nm. Para minimizar perdidas de calor, se dispuso de una cinta calentadora de 0.1 W/cm2 y un elemento aislante a base de fibra de vidrio, de espesor 130 mm, ambos alrededor del barril contenedor del reactor. Conclusiones: Se selecciono el modelo de reactor de doble tornillo y seccion transversal en forma de U con base plana por ofrecer mayor capacidad volumetrica de transporte y mayor capacidad de mezcla. Se selecciono un diametro de 1-1/4” para el tornillo sinfin con el fin de para evitar problemas de deflexion. EnglishObjective: To carry out the mechanical design of a screw reactor to obtain bio-oil by means of rapid pyrolysis of residual biomass. Methodology: An estimation of the energy potential of the residual biomass was made. Thermal and mechanical variables were calculated for the sizing of the reactor and the selection of its components. The Quality Function Deployment methodology was applied to select the most suitable reactor. A stress analysis was performed using the Solidworks® computer tool, the results of which ratified the selected parameters and dimensions for the construction of the reactor. Results: A twin screw reactor with a U cross section with a flat base was selected. The heat required to carry out the rapid pyrolysis reaction was determined to be 927 kJ / kg. A 1.68 m long worm screw, 1.25 inches in diameter and 1.5 inches in pitch, was selected in 316 austenitic stainless steel, driven by a 0.25 HP power motor with 20 Nm torque. To minimize heat loss, a 0.1 W / cm2 heating tape and a 130 mm thick fiberglass-based insulating element were both placed around the reactor container barrel. Conclusions: The model of a twin-screw reactor and a U-shaped cross section with a flat base was selected for offering greater volumetric transport capacity and greater mixing capacity. A 1-1/4” diameter was selected for the auger to avoid deflection issues. |
