Modeling of Unwashed and Washed Gum Content in Brazilian Gasoline–Ethanol Blends during Prolonged Storage: Application of a Doehlert Matrix
| Autor: | Sergio Leal Braga, Franck Turkovics, Ana Rosa Fonseca de Aguiar Martins, Florian Pradelle, Renata Nohra Chaar Pradelle |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Alcohol fuel
Chemistry 020209 energy General Chemical Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology Renewable fuels Fuel injection Pulp and paper industry Combustion Fuel Technology 020401 chemical engineering Engine efficiency 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Flexible-fuel vehicle Organic chemistry 0204 chemical engineering Gasoline Oxygenate |
| Zdroj: | Energy & Fuels. 30:6381-6394 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5029 0887-0624 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01379 |
| Popis: | Gasoline is a volatile mixture of hydrocarbons that is used in spark ignition engines. It is a complex mixture composed of inflammable olefinic, paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic hydrocarbons (C4–C12). It presents low contents of oxygenates and traces of sulfur, nitrogen, and metals, which introduce instability to the mixture. In several countries, such as Brazil, ethanol is used purely as a renewable fuel or as an octane improver in blends with gasoline, especially in flex fuel engines. Nevertheless, some compounds in the fuel react slowly, at room temperature, with atmospheric oxygen, and with each other. The process is observed throughout the entire fuel production and use process and increases fuel density. These high-molar-mass insoluble oxidation products are commonly called gums and form deposits throughout the vehicle fuel system. Their accumulation has adverse effects on engine efficiency, performance, and durability, in the form of incomplete combustion, engine wear, and higher pollutant emis... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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