Impact of Lung Cancer Screening Results on Smoking Cessation
| Autor: | Christine D. Berg, Thomas L. Riley, Martin C. Tammemägi, Kathryn L. Taylor, Christopher R. Cunningham |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 106 |
| ISSN: | 1460-2105 0027-8874 |
| Popis: | The US National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening reduces lung cancer mortality by 20% compared with chest x-ray (CXR) screening (1). Consequently, several organizations, as well as the United States Preventive Services Task Force (2), have recommended lung cancer screening of high-risk individuals (3–7). Although lung cancer screening itself confers benefit through early detection and treatment, screening and screening results (whether related to lung cancer or other non–lung cancer diagnoses), may provide a “teachable moment” that encourages smoking cessation (8–16). If this is the case, then lung cancer screening may have the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality through multiple mechanisms. The four major causes of mortality in developed countries—cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and respiratory disease—are linked to smoking, and risks for these diseases decline after smoking cessation (17,18). Advancing smoking cessation is a public health priority. Past studies have investigated smoking behavior in lung cancer screening trials (14–16,19) and in one screening program (13). Most of them have investigated the impact of screening vs no screening on smoking behavior (14,15,19) or, in screened individuals, the impact of an abnormal vs a normal screen (13–16,19), with all abnormalities pooled. Several other studies have been relatively small, have only looked at short-term effects, or have only included a single screen on the next smoking evaluation (9,10,12), with two exceptions (11,13). The long-term impacts of specific graded screening results on smoking cessation have not been assessed. Our study aim was to evaluate the impact of lung cancer screening results on smoking cessation over time, with screening results measured in several refined categories. We evaluated the associations between screening results and subsequent smoking behavior in baseline current smokers, adjusted for important factors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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