| Popis: |
The paper explores constitutive points of the medieval town and elements of the ontological essence of this phenomenon. The medieval town was originally developed as imaginable implementation of orde Deі, as sacral and legal association of Christians who head for revival, protected by His laws and their decency. The base essence of the medieval town is its transcendental spirit that consolidates envisioned images of order (Ordnung-Vorstellung), which are embodied in rational and legal integrity as well as heredity of town life. The spirit-forming process of a medieval town is underpinned by biblical imagery (Noah's Ark), theological exegeses and antitypal actions - formation owing to a collective oath of the association of the equal who direct their cohabitation to achieve the religious ideal. This forming process is aimed at getting rid of status naturae, and, through public service, proper obeyance of laws and decency, approaching status gratiae - the earthly state of spiritual freedom and improvement. Town formation experience in the Middle Ages revives the idea of the ancient polis and its key distinguishing feature - rational and legal orderliness which reveals itself in the eudemonic life form. Owing to the creation of a new town type, medieval society acquired scope for ideal realization of the Christian concept of order and implementation of the human freedom ideal. |
