Acidity, Electric Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen Total Dissolved Solid and Salinity Profiles of Marine Water in Gaza: Influence of Wastewater Discharge
| Autor: | Dalia El Nahhal, Mohammad R. Al-Agha, Ibrahim El-Nahhal, Yasser El-Nahhal, Husam Al Najar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 12:408-428 |
| ISSN: | 2156-8278 2156-8251 |
| DOI: | 10.4236/ajac.2021.1211025 |
| Popis: | Effects of wastewater discharge on the coastal area in Gaza strip Palestine are not fully investigated. This study investigated the effect wastewater discharge of the physical and chemical properties of marine water in the coastal area over a period of 2 year. Sea water and sediment samples were collected from about 20 different sites. The water and the sediments were collected wastewater/sea water mixing zone at depth 0, 2.5 and 5 m water column depth at a direct wastewater discharging pipe line from different location and similarly from other locations. Water temperature T, electric conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solid (TDS) and salinity were determined for water samples using field equipment such as pH-meter, DO meter, TDS-/ and EC-meter. On the other hand, NO3-, SO42-, PO43- were determined in the laboratory using chemical methods, details are described in materials and method section. Results showed average and standard deviation of T, EC, DO, pH, TDS and salinity were 22.02°C ± 4.1°C, EC: 58.41 ± 4.8 ms/cm; DO: 6.96 ± 1.8 mg/L; pH: 7.69 ± 0.37; TDS: 30.51 ± 3.29 and salinity 4.39 ± 0.12 (%); whereas, average and standard deviation of NO3-: were 299.8 ± 204.1 mg/L; SO42-, 5736.9 ± 817.1; and PO43-: 164.35 ± 120.7 mg/L. The measured values indicate significant differences due to high value of standard deviation of some measured parameters. This indicates the influence of wastewater discharge in sea water as shown inside the manuscript in the appropriate section. The study recommends efficient treatment of wastewater and reuses it for agricultural purposes instead of discharging it in sea. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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