Biological, epidemiological and population structure analyses of vitiviruses in Iran

Autor: Simin Sabaghian, H. R. Zamanizadeh, Toufic Elbeaino, Farshad Rakhshandehroo
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: European Journal of Plant Pathology. 159:117-129
ISSN: 1573-8469
0929-1873
DOI: 10.1007/s10658-020-02147-x
Popis: The presence of three vitiviruses associated with grapevine rugose wood disease, i.e. grapevine virus B (GVB), grapevine virus E (GVE) and grapevine virus F (GVF), was studied in 650 grapevine samples collected from eight viticulture growing provinces of Iran. RT-PCR assays conducted on these samples showed that 69.5% of the grapevine material is infected at least with one virus; of which GVE was the prevailing virus (29.5%), followed by GVF (23.6%) and GVB (16.4%). The genetic variability and population structures of vitiviruses found in Iran were thoroughly analyzed by sequencing the complete coat protein gene of 29 isolates from different regions. BLAST analysis disclosed 81–96%, 77–80% and 87–96% identities at the nucleotide level and 91–98%, 80–85% and 93–97% identities at the amino acid level between Iranian GVB, GVE and GVF, respectively; and their corresponding reference isolates from the GenBank. The phylogenetic analyses showed two divergent evolutionary lineages for each vitivirus species that were related to the geographic origin of isolates. The high FST values found among GVE and GVF populations indicated that both viruses are under different evolutionary constraints in Iran, suggesting more than one origin. The neutrality analysis also suggested that GVE and GVF in Iran and in the world were inferred from the old presence of GVB, through gene flow and positive selection pressures that shaped the genetic structure of vitiviruses populations. The transmission trial conducted with Planococcus ficus under controlled conditions showed that GVE can be transmitted by the first-instar nymphs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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