Above-threshold multiphoton photoemission from noble metal surfaces
Autor: | Marcel Reutzel, Hrvoje Petek, Andi Li |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Materials science
Photoemission spectroscopy Resonance 02 engineering and technology Electron Photoelectric effect 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Molecular physics Excited state 0103 physical sciences Femtosecond 010306 general physics 0210 nano-technology Spectroscopy Excitation |
Zdroj: | Physical Review B. 101 |
ISSN: | 2469-9969 2469-9950 |
Popis: | Exciting solids with intense femtosecond laser pulses prompts electrons of the interrogated material to respond in a highly nonlinear manner, as is evident in the emission of high-order harmonic radiation and photoelectrons with kinetic energies well above that of the driving photons. Such high-field interactions can be resolved, for example, in above-threshold multiphoton photoemission (ATP) spectroscopy. In this work, we interrogate the nonlinear photoelectric responses of the pristine copper, silver, and gold noble metal surfaces in (111) and (100) crystal orientations in the perturbative regime. Using multiphoton photoemission spectroscopy (mPP) excited by finely tuned optical fields, we characterize enhancement of the mPP and ATP yields from (111) surfaces in selected ${k}_{||}$-momentum ranges when the occupied Shockley surface (SS) states are (near-)resonantly coupled by multiphoton transitions to image potential (IP) intermediate states in the excitation process. The ATP signal from the IP states of (111) surfaces is largely defined by their formation through polarization of SS electrons; this observation is contrasted with ATP experiments from the Ag(100) surface, for which the SS becomes an unoccupied resonance and the IP states can only be excited from bands with significantly more bulk character. In addition, based on the optical power and nonlinear order-dependent mPP spectra, we provide evidence for ATP being a one-step, rather than a sequential process, as previously postulated. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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