Effect of colchicine induced tetraploidy on morphology, cytology, essential oil composition, gene expression and antioxidant activity of Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck
Autor: | Gunasekaran Bhuvaneswari, Ramaraj Thirugnanasampandan, Madhusudhanan Gogulramnath |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Chalcone synthase Physiology Plant Science Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase Biology Sesquiterpene 01 natural sciences law.invention Terpene 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound law Colchicine Molecular Biology Essential oil Limonene fungi food and beverages Horticulture 030104 developmental biology chemistry biology.protein Ploidy 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 26:271-279 |
ISSN: | 0974-0430 0971-5894 |
Popis: | Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck cultivated all over the world is a valuable source of aromatic essential oil. To develop tetraploids of C. limon, four different concentration of colchicine (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%; w/v) and three varied exposure time (12, 24 and 48 h) were employed. The ploidy level of diploids (2n = 2x = 18) and tetraploids (2n = 4x = 36) were determined by direct chromosome count and confirmed by flow cytometric analyses. Successful result with maximum tetraploidy frequency was observed in plantlets developed from seeds treated with 0.025% colchicine for 24 h. Morphological and stomatal characteristics indicated that tetraploids were taller with increased leaf and root length. On the other side, the leaves of tetraploids had fewer and larger stomata with a greater number of chloroplasts in guard cells in contrast with diploids. GC–GC/MS analyses showed cyclic monoterpene, limonene had increased significantly in tetraploids and was further confirmed by HPLC quantification. RT-PCR analyses revealed unaltered expression of monoterpene synthase, sesquiterpene synthase and flavone synthase and remarkable upregulation of genes such as limonene synthase, chalcone synthase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase in tetraploids. Antioxidant activity of essential oil of tetraploids was higher than diploids in all the five test systems studied. Overall, the findings of the present study prove that colchicine induced tetraploidy in C. limon could be a greater source of essential oil with improved composition and of economic significance. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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