Popis: |
Temperature, starch gelatinization, moisture content and softness of bread define the formation of crust and crumb regions during the baking process. A computational model was developed to study the volume expansion, temperature profile and moisture content of the bread during the baking process. An arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method was applied to describe mesh movement during volume expansion. Model predictions were validated with experimental measurements of bread temperature, moisture content and volume expansion. Occurrence of two distinct zones having different moisture contents, i.e., crust ( |