Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests
| Autor: | Vanda Inacio, Pilar Gayoso-Diz, María Xosé Rodríguez-Álvarez |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Statistics and Probability
010104 statistics & probability 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Receiver operating characteristic Computer science Statistics Covariate Diagnostic test 030212 general & internal medicine 0101 mathematics Statistics Probability and Uncertainty 01 natural sciences |
| Zdroj: | Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application. 8:41-67 |
| ISSN: | 2326-831X 2326-8298 |
| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev-statistics-040720-022432 |
| Popis: | In this review, we present an overview of the main aspects related to the statistical evaluation of medical tests for diagnosis and prognosis. Measures of diagnostic performance for binary tests, such as sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, are introduced, and extensions to the case of continuous-outcome tests are detailed. Special focus is placed on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and its estimation, with emphasis on the topic of covariate adjustment. The extension to the case of time-dependent ROC curves for evaluating prognostic accuracy is also touched upon. We apply several of the approaches described to a data set derived from a study aimed to evaluate the ability of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels to identify individuals at high cardio-metabolic risk and how such discriminatory ability might be influenced by age and gender. We also outline software available for the implementation of the methods. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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