Improving the methodology for assessing the risk of an accident in railway transport
Jazyk: | ruština |
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Rok vydání: | 2022 |
Předmět: | |
DOI: | 10.18720/spbpu/3/2023/vr/vr23-29 |
Popis: | Тема вÑпÑÑкной квалиÑикаÑионной ÑабоÑÑ: «СовеÑÑенÑÑвование меÑодики оÑенки ÑиÑка аваÑии на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе».ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑабоÑа поÑвÑÑена иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑовеÑÑенÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑодики оÑенки ÑиÑка на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе пÑÑем ÑазÑабоÑки деÑева оÑказов Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑаÑÑеÑа веÑоÑÑноÑÑи аваÑии. ÐадаÑи, коÑоÑÑе ÑеÑалиÑÑ Ð² Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ иÑÑледованиÑ:Ðнализ ноÑмаÑивнÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑов в облаÑÑи оÑенки ÑиÑка пÑимениÑелÑно к железнодоÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑанÑпоÑÑÑ Ð¸ иденÑиÑикаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑноÑÑей.ÐпÑеделение пÑоблемаÑики оÑенки ÑиÑка на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе.СовеÑÑенÑÑвование меÑодики оÑенки ÑиÑка на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе пÑÑем ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑева оÑказов, ÑÑиÑÑваÑÑего Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ñожного ÑоÑÑава, а Ñакже влиÑние ÑеловеÑеÑкого и ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑакÑоÑов.ÐпÑобаÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑовеÑÑенÑÑвованной меÑодики на пÑимеÑе железнодоÑожной линии.Ð Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ иÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñла опÑеделена Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑовеÑÑенÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑодики оÑенки ÑиÑка на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе в ÑвÑзи Ñ Ð¾ÑобенноÑÑÑми ÑÑебований, ÑÑÑановленнÑÑ ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑими ноÑмаÑивнÑми докÑменÑами в облаÑÑи пÑомÑÑленной безопаÑноÑÑи и оÑенки ÑиÑка.Ð ÑезÑлÑÑаÑе ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑоено деÑево оÑказов, ÑÑиÑÑваÑÑее иниÑииÑÑÑÑие ÑобÑÑиÑ, пÑиводÑÑие к аваÑии на железнодоÑожном ÑÑанÑпоÑÑе, Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑизÑÑÑие влиÑние как ÑеловеÑеÑкого, Ñак и ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑакÑоÑов. ÐеÑод ÑÑиÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÑÑегоÑÑ Ð¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ñожного ÑоÑÑава, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑно возникновение болÑÑинÑÑва аваÑийнÑÑ ÑиÑÑаÑий. ÐпÑобаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑода пÑоведена на ÐкÑÑбÑÑÑкой железной доÑоге Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑанÑиÑми «ÐÑоневаÑ» и «ÐÑонка». The subject of the graduate qualification work is «Improving the methodology for assessing the risk of an accident in railway transport».This work is devoted to the study and improvement of the risk assessment methodology in railway transport by developing a failure tree for calculating the probability of an accident. Tasks that were solved during the study:Analysis of regulatory documents in the field of risk assessment in relation to railway transport and identification of hazards.Definition of the problems of risk assessment in railway transport.Improving the methodology of risk assessment in railway transport by creating a failure tree that considers the dynamics of the train, as well as the influence of human and man-made factors.Testing of the improved methodology on the example of a railway line.The study identified the need to improve the methodology of risk assessment in railway transport in connection with the specifics of the requirements established by existing regulatory documents in the field of industrial safety and risk assessment.As a result of the work, a failure tree was built, considering the initiating events leading to accidents on railway transport, characterizing the influence of both human and man-made factors. The method considers the dynamics of a moving train, which is characterized by the occurrence of most emergency situations. The method was tested on a Oktyabrskaya railway line between station «Bronevaya» and «Bronka». |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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