| Popis: |
Publisher Summary This chapter presents the epidemiological studies and developments in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of stroke pathophysiology. Stroke is the result of irreversible neuronal injury resulting from interruption of blood flow to a part of the brain or spinal cord. Modifiable risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, and smoking) and nonmodifiable risk factors (e.g., age, race, and sex) for stroke have been identified. Accumulating evidence indicates that these traditional stroke risk factors have some genetic determinants. In addition, many genetic diseases may result in stroke in a subgroup of patients (e.g., hemoglobinopathies, coagulopathies, connective tissue disorders, and metabolic disorders). There are also several genetic diseases in which stroke is a key component of the clinical presentation such as cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical and two distinct but similar forms of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Identification of specific mechanisms involved in genetically determined stroke syndromes may help elucidate the pathogenesis of more common multifactorially determined stroke syndromes, and may also suggest new strategies for stroke prevention and treatment. |
