| Popis: |
A variety of novel strategies has been developed with the aim of repairing damaged myocardium in patients with heart failure. Exogenous cell therapies including bone marrow mononuclear and mesenchymal stem cells, skeletal myoblasts, and cardiac progenitor cells have been studied extensively in preclinical models, and have also been assessed in early clinical trials. The efficacy and safety of different approaches with relevance to patients with heart failure of different aetiologies will be discussed. Biological reparative and regenerative therapies including engineered heart tissue, pluripotent stem cell technology and gene therapy are in the pipeline with early clinical trial experience for gene therapy. Future directions for regenerative therapies include activation of endogenous repair strategies. These are still in the preclinical development phase and include direct reprogramming and cell cycle re-entry. |
