Diagnostic Tests: Bone mineral density: testing for osteoporosis
| Autor: | Angela Sheu, Terry Diamond |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Bone mineral
medicine.medical_specialty Hip fracture Bone density business.industry Osteoporosis 030209 endocrinology & metabolism medicine.disease 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Ageing medicine Pharmacology (medical) 030212 general & internal medicine Radiology Secondary osteoporosis Densitometry business Femoral neck |
| Zdroj: | Australian Prescriber. 39:35-39 |
| ISSN: | 1839-3942 0312-8008 |
| DOI: | 10.18773/austprescr.2016.020 |
| Popis: | Primary osteoporosis is related to bone loss from ageing. Secondary osteoporosis results from specific conditions that may be reversible. A thoracolumbar X-ray is useful in identifying vertebral fractures, and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is the preferred method of calculating bone mineral density. The density of the total hip is the best predictor for a hip fracture, while the lumbar spine is the best site for monitoring the effect of treatment. The T-score is a comparison of the patient's bone density with healthy, young individuals of the same sex. A negative T-score of -2.5 or less at the femoral neck defines osteoporosis. The Z-score is a comparison with the bone density of people of the same age and sex as the patient. A negative Z-score of -2.5 or less should raise suspicion of a secondary cause of osteoporosis. Clinical risk calculators can be used to predict the 10-year probability of a hip or major osteoporotic fracture. A probability of more than 5% for the hip or more than 20% for any fracture is abnormal and treatment may be warranted. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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