Possible factors determining efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation. Review
| Autor: | S. M. Tkach, N. V. Kharchenko, A. E. Dorofeev |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Modern Gastroenterology. :48-56 |
| ISSN: | 2521-649X 1727-5725 |
| DOI: | 10.30978/mg-2022-1-48 |
| Popis: | Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered currently as one of the most effective therapeutic procedures for the treatment of recurrent pseudomembranous colitis associated with Clostridium difficile infection and some other intestinal and extraintestinal diseases associated with gut dysbiosis. Recent investigations gave the reason to believe that FMT success depends largely on the microbial diversity and composition of a donor’s stool. These data allowed us to develop concepts of the existence of so‑called FMT «superdonors», which include individuals from whom FMT was accompanied by high efficiency. The review also examines other possible mechanisms and factors that influence TFM success, such as the nature and severity of the pathology being treated, the frequency of procedures, the quality and quantity of donor material, FMT from one or more donors, and other factors. The authors also presented own data on the efficacy of FMТ from «superdonors» in 86 patients with various intestinal diseases. For the first time in Ukraine a comparative study was conducted to study TMF efficacy in 28 patients with mild to moderate non‑specific ulcerative colitis, in 8 patients with Crohn’s disease and 40 subjects with post‑infection irritative bowel disease (IBD) with diarrhea. All TMF procedures were performed by means of introduction of donor’s material in the dome of the cecum during colonoscopy. Clinical efficacy of the induction of remission during two months after TMF was registered in 17 (60.7 %) patients with non‑specific ulcerative colitis and 4 (50.0 %) patients with Crohn’s disease. Effectiveness of TMF from the same superdonors in 27 (67.5 %) patients with IBD with diarrhea was somewhat higher. Clinical improvement was achieved in a form of abdominal pain relief, decrease of diarrhea and bloating, and improvement in general condition. Consideration have been given to the possibility of predicting FMT efficacy based on the microbial and metabolic profiling, microbial interactions that affect the effectiveness of FMT, factors influencing the long‑term effects of FMT, new personalized approaches to FMT, which will allow to use FMТ more purposefully in future. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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