A Single Effector Protein, AvrRpt2EA, from Erwinia amylovora Can Cause Fire Blight Disease Symptoms and Induces a Salicylic Acid–Dependent Defense Response
| Autor: | John L. Norelli, Erik H. A. Rikkerink, Christoph Böttcher, Thomas Wöhner, Magda-Viola Hanke, Susan Schröpfer, Henryk Flachowsky, Klaus Richter |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine biology Physiology Effector Jasmonic acid fungi food and beverages General Medicine Erwinia Plant disease resistance biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 030104 developmental biology chemistry Fire blight Gene expression Agronomy and Crop Science Salicylic acid Systemic acquired resistance 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®. 31:1179-1191 |
| ISSN: | 1943-7706 0894-0282 |
| Popis: | The AvrRpt2EA effector protein of Erwinia amylovora is important for pathogen recognition in the fire blight–resistant crabapple Malus × robusta 5; however, little is known about its role in susceptible apples. To study its function in planta, we expressed a plant-optimized version of AvrRpt2EA driven by a heat shock–inducible promoter in transgenic plants of the fire blight–susceptible cultivar Pinova. After induced expression of AvrRpt2EA, transgenic lines showed shoot necrosis and browning of older leaves, with symptoms similar to natural fire blight infections. Transgenic expression of this effector protein resulted in an increase in the expression of the salicylic acid (SA)-responsive PR-1 gene but, also, in the levels of SA and its derivatives, with diverse kinetics in leaves of different ages. In contrast, no increase of expression levels of VSP2 paralogs, used as marker genes for the activation of the jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defense pathway, could be detected, which is in agreement with metabolic profiling of JA and its derivatives. Our work demonstrates that AvrRpt2EA acts as a virulence factor and induces the formation of SA and SA-dependent systemic acquired resistance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|