Quantum magnetometers for navigation and magnetic cartography
Jazyk: | ruština |
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Rok vydání: | 2022 |
Předmět: |
Ñпин
magnetic moment меÑод магниÑного ÑезонанÑа кванÑовÑй магнеÑомеÑÑ magnetic field магниÑное поле spin ÑÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑнÑй Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ magnetic resonance method quantum magnetometer resonance quantum transitions кванÑовÑе пеÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑиÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ°Ñка optical pumping |
DOI: | 10.18720/spbpu/3/2022/vr/vr22-2610 |
Popis: | Тема вÑпÑÑкной квалиÑикаÑионной ÑабоÑÑ: «ÐванÑовÑе магниÑомеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°Ñии и магниÑной каÑÑогÑаÑии». ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑабоÑа поÑвÑÑена кванÑовÑм магниÑомеÑÑам, позволÑÑÑим Ñ Ð¿ÑеÑизионной ÑоÑноÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑиÑÑики ÑлабÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑнÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ¹, магниÑного Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ðемли, а Ñакже его аномалий. Ð ÑезÑлÑÑаÑе измеÑений можно полÑÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñе о напÑавлении Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑлÑÑае дезоÑиенÑаÑии. РаÑÑмоÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑновнÑе пÑинÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ñе ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð»ÑÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑекÑа магниÑного ÑезонанÑа, на коÑоÑÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¸ÑÑеÑÑÑ ÑабоÑа даннÑÑ ÑÑÑÑойÑÑв. ÐÑоведеннÑй анализ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑаÑÑиÑÑ, обладаÑÑей магниÑнÑм моменÑом в поÑÑоÑнном и пеÑеменном магниÑнÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑ , пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑ: ÑаÑÑиÑа ÑÑÑекÑивно взаимодейÑÑвÑÐµÑ Ñ Ð²ÑÑокоÑаÑÑоÑнÑм ÑиÑкÑлÑÑно полÑÑизованнÑм магниÑнÑм полем, ÑаÑÑоÑа коÑоÑого Ñавна ÑезонанÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑениÑ. ÐÑполнение данного ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑпеÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¸ÑпÑавнÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑиÑелÑного ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва. Цели и задаÑи данной дипломной ÑабоÑÑ: ÐÐ±Ð·Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑеÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ñеме ÑабоÑÑ, изÑÑение пÑинÑипов ÑабоÑÑ Ð¸ Ñ Ð°ÑакÑеÑиÑÑик кванÑовÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑомеÑÑов. СоÑÑавление маÑемаÑиÑеÑкой модели магниÑного ÑезонанÑа, возбÑждаемого в аÑоме Rb-87 на ÑвеÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð½ÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑовнÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ñм моменÑами F=1 и F=2. РеализаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑемаÑиÑеÑкой модели в пÑогÑаммной ÑÑеде. ÐÑÑледование динамики полÑÑизаÑии магниÑного моменÑа и ÑоÑÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑа магниÑного ÑезонанÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑазлиÑнÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑалÑнÑÑ ÑÑловий возбÑÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ñома. ÐоиÑк ÑÑловий, обеÑпеÑиваÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÐºÑималÑнÑÑ ÑÑвÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑÑ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñового магниÑомеÑÑа на оÑнове магниÑного ÑезонанÑа. The subject of the graduate qualification work is "Quantum magnetometers for navigation and magnetic cartography". The object of research is a quantum magnetometer with optical pumping on a rubidium atom. The given work is devoted to quantum magnetometers, which make it possible to measure with precision the characteristics of weak magnetic fields, the Earth's magnetic field, as well as its anomalies. As a result of measurements, it is possible to obtain data on the direction of movement in case of disorientation. The basic principles and necessary conditions for observing the magnetic resonance effect, on which the operation of these devices is based, are considered. The analysis of the behavior of a particle with a magnetic moment in constant and alternating magnetic fields leads to the result: the particle effectively interacts with a high-frequency circularly polarized magnetic field, the frequency of which is equal to the resonant value. The fulfillment of this condition ensures the correct operation of the measuring device.Goals and objectives of this thesis:Review of the literature on the topic of the work, study of the principles of operation and characteristics of quantum magnetometers. Compilation of a mathematical model of magnetic resonance excited in the Rb-87 atom at hyperfine levels with total moments F=1 and F=2.Implementation of a mathematical model in a software environment. Investigation of the dynamics of the polarization of the magnetic moment and the shape of the magnetic resonance contour for various initial conditions of atomic excitation. Search for conditions that ensure maximum sensitivity of a quantum magnetometer based on magnetic resonance. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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