| Popis: |
This paper deals with the geometrical problems in crossing-arches Armenian vaults using graphic instruments, in particular a survey by means of automated photogrammetry. The most frequent variety of this kind of vaults is built over two pairs of crossing arches, laid out in vertical planes parallel to the axes of the room. This scheme may seem simple at first sight. However, it poses a complex problem: the arches should meet in space, but this is not guaranteed unless the plan is exactly a square or some specific formal control method is used. The paper analyses three vaults in the Haghpat monastery; each of them addresses these issues in different ways. The vault in the library presents an apparently simple geometry, with semicircular arches and cylindrical severies. The one at the atrium in the church of Saint Nsan is asymmetrical about the transversal axis, maybe due to the constraints set by the existing church; this leads to the use of arches with springers set at different heights and complex severies. The refectory is covered by two vaults of this type; this juxtaposition places new problems. |
