| Popis: |
Expectations for performance and functionality differ between building occupancies after a disaster. Building occupancy is defined as a building use case, including residential, commercial, or industrial. Occupancy is initially determined during the design stage based on a building’s intended use; however, the use case may change over its lifetime. Functionality is the ability with which a building serves its intended purpose and is often used to measure a building’s resilience. Drops in functionality often occur after disasters due to damage (Bruneau et al., 2003), which inhibits community recovery and may result in adverse long-term social, economic, and environmental consequences (Booth, 2018). Recent advances in design methodologies, such as performance-based earthquake engineering, have increased building performance. However, linkages between performance parameters, drops in functionality levels, and resulting downtime is poorly defined (Mieler & Mitrani-Reiser, 2018). For example, some occupancy types, such as residential buildings, are designed to protect the lives of their occupants during a disaster but may require extensive repairs or demolition (Sattar et al., 2018). Other critical structures, such as hospitals, are designed with the intent of continuous functionality, but still experience disruptions due to structural and non-structural damage (Boston, 2017). A recent study (Brown, Abeling, Horsfall, Ferner, & Cowan, 2022) outlined New Zealand stakeholders’ expectations regarding recovery timelines for different occupancy types after earthquakes, including acceptable levels of functionality. However, these functionality levels require quantification to develop design standards and codes, and appropriate models must be created for various disasters that can be adapted to an individual community’s unique needs and priorities. This systematic review will investigate existing literature related to functionality expectations for varying occupancy types, what is required to achieve them, and methodologies that aim to define functionality. |
