| Popis: |
Currently, about 20 viral diseases are known on strawberry in the world that can reduce the yield and its quality. According to the results of previous studies in the Moscow region, the prevalence of viruses on strawberries was: Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) – 14 %, Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV) and Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) – 16 %, Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) – 25 %. Viruses mainly spread in agrocenosis with infected planting material, with tools, with pollen and seeds, nematodes - longidorids (Xiphinema diversicaudatum – ArMV and SLRSV vector, Longidorus elongatus – RpRSV and TBRV vector). According to published data, the harmfulness of viruses on plants of strawberries was to reduce the number of repens by 6-40 %, outlets by 10-40 %, and ovaries by 30 %. The aim of the study was to study the species composition of viruses on strawberries to identify candidates for the nuclear plants. In serological tests, a sandwich ELISA was used according to the method “Diagnosis of pome and stone crops viruses by ELISA and PCR” (2008), for analysis, diagnostic kits from ‘Loewe’ (Germany) were used. Leaves were taken as samples. The analysis results were recorded on a ‘Stat Fax 2100’ tablet photometer at a wavelength of 405 and 630 nm. The species composition of viruses was studied on strawberry varieties and hybrids under ex situ conditions. The total prevalence of viruses was 29 %. 188 candidates for nuclear stock plants of 17 varieties and 2 hybrids of strawberry were revealed. No viruses were detected on varieties Barynya, Induka and promising hybrids 34-34-5 and 3-372-1, which may be associated with a low percentage of transmission of nepoviruses with seeds. After confirming the virus-free status of strawberry plants by PCR, they will receive the category of “nuclear stock plant”. |
