Energy supply infrastructure LCA model for electric and hydrogen transportation systems
| Autor: | Alexandre Lucas, Carla Alexandra Silva, Rui Costa Neto |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
Hydrogen business.industry Mechanical Engineering Pipeline (computing) Supply chain chemistry.chemical_element Building and Construction Pollution Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Automotive engineering Nuclear decommissioning Transport engineering Steam reforming General Energy chemistry Range (aeronautics) Energy supply Electricity Electrical and Electronic Engineering business Civil and Structural Engineering |
| Zdroj: | Energy. 56:70-80 |
| ISSN: | 0360-5442 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.056 |
| Popis: | Many transportation environmental life cycle analyses neglect the contribution of the energy supply infrastructures. In alternative light duty vehicle technologies, it has been shown through case studies that this can be a relevant factor. However, no model that can generalise the evaluation of energy and emissions from construction, maintenance and decommissioning of such infrastructure to analyse different scenarios currently exists. A model is proposed, focussing on electricity and on hydrogen supply through centralised steam methane reforming (H 2 (a)) and on-site electrolysis (H 2 (b)). The model outputs are in gCO 2eq /MJ and MJ eq /MJ of the final energy. Model main inputs are the region's electricity mix, the annual distance driven, supply chain losses and the number of vehicles per station or chargers. The evaluation of the number of vehicles served per each charger/station as a function of annual distance driven is presented. The uncertainty is estimated by using the pedigree matrix, impact uncertainty and literature estimates. The model shows consistency in the results and uncertainty range. Charging policies that minimise the electricity infrastructure burden should incentivise approximately 37% of normal charging. H 2 (a) pipeline lifetime should be extended. Efforts in the electrolyser should be undertaken to approximate the ratio of vehicles per station with a conventional one. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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