Singularities in nearly uniform one-dimensional condensates due to quantum diffusion
| Autor: | Alexey V. Gorshkov, Michael Gullans, Przemyslaw Bienias, C. L. Baldwin, Mohammad F. Maghrebi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review A. 104 |
| ISSN: | 2469-9934 2469-9926 |
| Popis: | Dissipative systems often exhibit wavelength-dependent loss rates. One prominent example is Rydberg polaritons formed by electromagnetically induced transparency, which have long been a leading candidate for studying the physics of interacting photons and also hold promise as a platform for quantum information. In this system, dissipation is in the form of quantum diffusion, i.e., proportional to ${k}^{2}$ ($k$ being the wavevector) and vanishing at long wavelengths as $k\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$. Here, we show that one-dimensional condensates subject to this type of loss are unstable to long-wavelength density fluctuations in an unusual manner: after a prolonged period in which the condensate appears to relax to a uniform state, local depleted regions quickly form and spread ballistically throughout the system. We connect this behavior to the leading-order equation for the nearly uniform condensate---a dispersive analog to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation---which develops singularities in finite time. Furthermore, we show that the wavefronts of the depleted regions are described by purely dissipative solitons within a pair of hydrodynamic equations, with no counterpart in lossless condensates. We close by discussing conditions under which such singularities and the resulting solitons can be physically realized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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