COF-confined catalysts: from nanoparticles and nanoclusters to single atoms

Autor: MengYi Xu, Fuhang Xu, Xigui Liu, Yukui Fu, Mingming Zhang, Lei Qin, Ling Li, Shiyu Liu, Yixia Li, Cui Lai, Bisheng Li, Lu Yang, Huan Yi
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 9:24148-24174
ISSN: 2050-7496
2050-7488
DOI: 10.1039/d1ta04439g
Popis: In the heterogeneous catalytic reaction, nano-scale particles (nanoparticle, nanocluster, and single atoms) display excellent performance due to its different electronic structures, particle sizes, and geometric shapes. However, nano-scale particles are easy to aggregate and inactivate, confining nano-scale particles in crystalline porous materials is the best way to solve the above problems. Covalent organic framework with high crystallinity, high porosity, and tunable structure will be a potential alternative, which has attracted substantial attention. More importantly, the interaction between nano-scale particles and supports (confinement effect) could be controlled through the different synthetic methods. The confinement effect has great significance to the performance of the catalysts, for example, size effect for activity promotion, encapsulation effect for stability enhancement, and molecular-sieving effect for selectivity improvement. Therefore, the confinement effect of COFs-confined catalysts provides the specific functional sites for catalytic reactions. There has been a major breakthrough in solving the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage. The efficiency of heterogeneous catalytic reactions such as hydrogen production, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, 4-nitrophenol reduction, hydrogenation reaction, and organic pollutant degradation has been improved by using COFs-confined catalysts as catalysts. Herein, the synthetic methods of nano-scale particles confined in COFs are summarized, and the interaction between nano-scale particles and COFs are discussed to understand their various confinement effects. Then, the interaction between nano-scale particles and the reactant was understood through heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Finally, perspectives on the future developments about COFs-confined catalysts in various fields are highlighted.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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