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The food system utilizes 12.8% of the total energy consumed in the United States. Higher fuel costs increase the need for operating only efficient steam systems in food plants. Checking combustion efficiency by monitoring flue gases and maintaining an exhaust gas temperature no higher than 150 F above that of the saturated steam helps save fuel. The importance of insulating pipelines, buildings, and some equipment is increased as available energy sources become limited. Enlarging a regenerator of a milk pasteurizer from 80 to 90% reduces steam requirements by one-half. Inserting a heat exchanger to capture heat lost through liquid or air discharges saves energy. Infra-red systems can reduce fuel consumption 50% in heating poorly insulated or partially exposed shipping, receiving, or similar areas. The energy efficiency ratio is an important consideration in selection of a refrigeration unit. When operating at low temperatures such as −28 F, a two stage ammonia system can save about 25% of the electricity used by a single stage installation. Modern light sources use electric energy more efficiently than some older systems. Employee involvement and cooperation is necessary for an energy conservation program to reach its potential. |
