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Resumen La esclerosis multiple es una enfermedad inflamatoria y neurodegenerativa del sistema nervioso central que puede presentarse con multiples sintomas neurologicos. Se produce a la vez un proceso inflamatorio y neurodegenerativo. Al inicio va a predominar la inflamacion y, segun avanza la enfermedad, va a tomar mas preponderancia la neurodegeneracion. Aunque no se ha llegado a la cura, con los nuevos tratamientos modificadores de la enfermedad ha mejorado el pronostico de manera significativa, asi como la esperanza de vida de estos pacientes. Se ha logrado tambien enlentecer la progresion de la enfermedad al disminuir el numero de brotes y la actividad inflamatoria, y evitar la progresion de la discapacidad. Es importante tratar lo antes posible la enfermedad, ya que, por ahora, los tratamientos modificadores de la enfermedad actuan en la fase inflamatoria y no en la neurodegenerativa. Tambien es importante el tratamiento sintomatico de la enfermedad, ya que es la base para una mejora en la calidad de vida y que el paciente siga integrado en el mundo laboral y en sus actividades familiares y sociales. Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that can present with multiple neurological symptoms. An inflammatory and neurodegenerative process occurs simultaneously. At the onset, inflammation will predominate; as the disease progresses, the neurodegeneration will grow in prominence. Although a cure has not yet been found, new disease-modifying therapies have improved the prognosis significantly, as well as these patients’ life expectancy. The disease's progression has also been slowed by decreasing the number of flare-ups and the inflammatory activity and by preventing the progression of disability. It is important to treat the disease as soon as possible because disease-modifying therapies currently act in the inflammatory phase and not in the neurodegenerative phase. Symptomatic treatment of the disease is also important because it is the basis for improving the patient's quality of life and for allowing the patient to continue being part of the workforce and engaged in family and social activities. |
