| Popis: |
In generalized epilepsy, the alteration of classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides influences ictogenesis in the hippocampus, thalamus and cerebral cortex. GABAergic interneurons exert a presynaptic inhibitory action and therefore an antiepileptic effect. Neural circuits can be reorganized and then the GABAergic neurons can show an increased excitability. The antiepileptic effect, via GABA A receptors, is reduced during the epileptic seizure. The blockade of ionotropic glutaminergic receptors exerts a stronger antiepileptic effect. A combined pharmacotherapy of GABAergic and glutaminergic antagonists enhanced the antiepileptic effect. Other classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides also play an important role in ictogenesis. A neural network in the brain regions involved in ictogenesis is described. The mechanisms of action of some recently developed antiepileptic drugs are pointed out according to the neural network suggested. New antiepileptic pharmacological options are derived from this neural network. |
