Modulation of the Innate Immune System
| Autor: | Clinton B. Mathias, Doreen E. Szollosi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Innate immune system
animal diseases Acute-phase protein chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Inflammation biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Biology Acquired immune system medicine.disease_cause Autoimmunity Proinflammatory cytokine Complement system Immune system Immunology medicine bacteria medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | Pharmacology of Immunotherapeutic Drugs ISBN: 9783030199210 |
| Popis: | Innate immune cells and mediators play important roles in recognizing molecular patterns of potential pathogens and unlike adaptive immune cells, the innate immune response is not antigen-specific. However, innate immune cells are critical for the early control of infection and act rapidly to alert the immune system and initiate adaptive immunity. Macrophages and neutrophils quickly respond to infectious pathogens, mediating their destruction via phagocytosis, and producing cytokines that recruit and activate immune cells. Dendritic cells play a vital role in innate and adaptive crosstalk to initiate the adaptive immune response to fight pathogens. Natural killer cells play a critical role in the control of viral infections and cancers and the modulation of macrophages and dendritic cells. Mast cells release proinflammatory mediators that induce vascular permeability and promote leukocyte recruitment. Lastly, both mast cells and granulocytes such as eosinophils and basophils defend against parasites and participate in the modulation of immune responses. While these innate immune cells and mediators are crucial in the early response to infection, the inappropriate response of the innate immune system, however, can play a role in the pathophysiology of conditions in which chronic inflammation contributes to disease symptoms and progression. In this chapter, the normal physiological role of the innate immune system and its components are discussed. Many of these mechanisms can be targeted by several drug classes which aim to suppress cytokines as well as block leukocyte recruitment in disease states in which the immune system may overreact to target self-antigens (i.e. autoimmunity). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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