Validation Study of the Organic Integrity Test
| Autor: | Eugene L. Schwaab, Glen E. Snelbecker, Lewis J. Sherman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1968 |
| Předmět: |
Validation study
media_common.quotation_subject 05 social sciences Experimental and Cognitive Psychology 030229 sport sciences Brain damage 050105 experimental psychology Sensory Systems Test (assessment) Developmental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Dominance (ethology) Perception medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Abnormality medicine.symptom Psychology Psychosocial media_common Psychopathology |
| Zdroj: | Perceptual and Motor Skills. 27:427-430 |
| ISSN: | 1558-688X 0031-5125 |
| DOI: | 10.2466/pms.1968.27.2.427 |
| Popis: | Summary.-A validation study of Tien's Organic Integrity Test was undertaken with 187 hospitalized patients and 25 normal controls. Data were analyzed for differences between nonpsychotic-nonorganic, psychotic, and organic patients. In addition, OIT scores were compared for patients varying on the dimension of general psychological functioning as assessed by the hospital status and type of privileges accorded them. The resulrs indicate thar the OIT did not significantly distinguish among the four groups although the results were in the expected direction and consistent with Tien's previous study. However, it is suggested thar Tien's originally positive results are really due to the fact that the OIT is more a measure of general psychological functioning than it is of specific neurological disruption. The Organic Integrity Test (OIT) assesses form vs color dominance in perception as a means of detecting brain damage or dysfunction (Tien, 1960). It has been designed by Tien "as a very quick and efficienc diagnostic aid for psychiatrists and neurologists to rule in (not rule out) an organic brain disease or a paranoid schizophrenic reaction" (p. 52). There have been some preliminary reports on its validity following its administration to mental patients in Europe (Tien & Clark, 1964), normal elementary and secondary school children (Tien & Williams, 1965 ) , and industrial employees (Tien & Clark, 1967 ) . The rationale behind the OIT consists of three implicit assumptions: ( 1) form dominance emerges at a later stage of human development than does color dominance; (2) the presence of color dominance in an individual who has reached the form dominance stage indicates either temporary or permanent brain damage since "the intact cencral nervous system" is necessary to maintain form dominance (Tien, 1960, p. 43) ; and ( 3) brain-damaged persons consticute a generally homogeneo~~s group. Jn many respects this rationale is consistent with developmental conceptions of abnormal behavior, although Tien seems to overemphasize the pathognomic designacion of color dominance as indicative of brain damage. In organismic-developmental theory psychopathology is conceptualized within a regression theory framework which staces that various abnormal groups operate at different developmental levels that resemble earlier scages of development in particular aspects (Werner, 1948; Barton, 1965). However, such regressive behavior is noc invariably attributed to central nervous system dysfunction or brain damage as Tien proposes but, rather, may be due to a wide variety of both physical and psychosocial causes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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