| Popis: |
Community succession and soil fauna diversity are very important factors in the ecological reconstruction of land abandoned after copper mine tailing.To understand its soil faunal community diversity features,23 sample points in four plots(natural abandoned land and a control and reclaimed abandoned land and a control) were selected from a copper mine tailing area in the city of Tongling.A total of 4622 individuals of soil fauna were collected which belonged to 29 genera,5 phyla,10 classes and 18 orders.The results show that Acarina,Collembola and Nematodes were the dominant groups,Oligochaeta,Formicidae,Diptera larvae,Coleoptera larvae,Diplura,Araneae and Harpacticoida were the frequent groups and the other groups were rare.There were significant differences in soil faunal diversity between natural abandoned land and its control group.The richness index(d),density of soil macrofauna,mesofauna and microfauna,Shannon-Wiener(H′) diversity index and density groups(D·G) diversity index of soil fauna from natural abandoned land was significantly less than that of its control group.However,the density of soil macrofauna and the D·G diversity index of soil fauna from reclaimed abandoned land were significantly less than that of its control group.The H′ diversity index from reclaimed abandoned land was more than that of its control group with very significant differences,but the other indices of soil faunal diversity were not different to those of the control group.The Jaccard similarity coefficient(q) indicated that the most similar values were between the soil fauna communities of the two control groups,and second,between that of reclaimed abandoned land and the two control groups,and with the least similarity between that of natural abandoned land and the three other sampling sites.The surface aggregation of soil fauna in reclaimed abandoned land was more obvious than that in natural abandoned land and the surface aggregation of soil fauna at the two abandoned lands sites were more obvious than that of the control groups.Grey relevant analysis revealed that there was a close relationship between the soil physicochemical properties in the copper mine tailing area and the structure indices of soil fauna.The most important factors included soil water content and total potassium.Cadmium content should also be considered.The soil fauna appeared to be relatively unaffected by the vegetation characteristics and the total copper content of the soil.It appears that the soil water content,the quality of the soil matrix,soil organic matter quality and content and the soil nutrient content are the restraining factors for the recovery and rebuilding of soil fauna in land abandoned after copper mine tailing.The improvement of these factors is mainly owing to the reclamation of the land for cropping.Therefore,the reclamation of the abandoned lands for cropping and planting is beneficial for the recovery and rebuilding of the soil fauna.The recovery and rebuilding of soil fauna in the natural reclamation of abandoned copper mine tailing land largely from natural invasion was discussed in comparison with reclamation with man-made soil covering. |
