| Popis: |
Abiotic environmental stress is a fundamental driver of population and community dynamics across diverse ecosystems (Menge and Sutherland 1987). In this context, specialist species persisting at great altitudes or depths, in near-boiling or subfreezing temperatures, through droughts or monsoons, and over prolonged bouts of resource deprivation highlight the adaptability of life on Earth. Notably, environmental stress, or harshness, incorporates ″extremeness″ along gradients such as oxygen or temperature, but it is also defined by the magnitude and tempo of variability in these environmental conditions (Peck et al. 2006). Even, extreme-tolerant species may require stable conditions to maintain fitness, while species capable of physiological plasticity are better adapted to niches characterized by environmental variability (Chevin and Hoffmann 2017). |
