| Popis: |
The peculiarities of subjectivity and adaptation of adolescents at different stages of the crisis of the family system caused by the divorce of the parents are examined in the article. In the post-divorce crisis of the family system, three phases are distinguished: «acute» (lasting up to a year); intermediate (from one to two years) and stabilization phase (two years after divorce). The study tests the hypothesis that in a situation of crisis in the family system there is a slowdown in the formation of subjective qualities and a violation of the socio-psychological adaptation of adolescents. The assumption is tested that in different phases of the post-divorce process the indicators of subjectivity and sociopsychological adaptation differ: they are more pronounced in the acute phase and decrease in the stabilization phase. The purpose is to study the features of the formation of subjectivity and indicators of social and psychological adaptation of adolescents in the acute phase and the phase of stabilization after the parents’ divorce process. The following methods were used: the method of studying subjectivity in adolescence («MEDOS-3», a modification of Ovcharova); methodology «Socialization of the student’s personality» (Rozhkov). Sample: 145 adolescents aged 14-16 years old, including 52 (31 girls, 21 boys) - in the «acute» phase after divorce and 93 (59 girls, 34 boys) - in the stabilization phase. The results of the study revealed a slowdown in the formation of subjectivity and a decrease in the indicators of social and psychological adaptation of adolescents in the situation of the parents’ postdivorce process. There were obtained significant differences in the indices of subjectivity and adaptation of adolescents in different phases of the crisis of the family system. In the acute phase of the crisis, a decrease in the general level of subjectivity, subjectivity in the spheres of communication and activity was revealed, as well as a deterioration in socio-psychological adaptation according to the criteria: «adaptation», «autonomy» and «social activity». In the stabilization phase, there is no decrease in the level of subjectivity; higher adaptation indices were found according to the same criteria. Thus, the situation of the parents’ divorce is a difficult life situation for a teenager, its acute phase is most traumatic; in the stabilization phase, two years after the divorce, the severity of the crisis in the family system decreases. |
