| Autor: |
Dao-Yi Yu, Stephen J. Cringle, Er-Ning Su, Paula K. Yu |
| Rok vydání: |
2020 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Macular Surgery ISBN: 9789811576423 |
| DOI: |
10.1007/978-981-15-7644-7_1 |
| Popis: |
The retina is a thin layer of neural tissue lining the posterior portion of the eye and is often considered an outpost of the brain. Ninety percentage of all sensory signals integrated in the brain are of visual origin. The retina contains light-sensitive photoreceptor cells, four basic classes of neurons and glial cells. Unlike other sensory stimuli propagated to the brain, the visual stimulus is unique as it undergoes neural processing within the retina. It is therefore not surprising that the retinal neurons in particular require a stable and homeostatic environment in order to perform highly active visual functions. Numerous mechanisms exist to maintain survival and functional activities of the retinal neurons. The macula is recognized as a specially differentiated region of retina with high-resolution visual acuity with a unique structure of the neural, glial cells and vasculature. Pathogenesis of macular diseases depends on the underlying aetiology involving complicated and multifactorial mechanisms. Contemporary vitreo-retinal and macular surgeries have extended the possibility of stabilizing and partially restoring retinal structure and function. Knowledge of anatomy and histology of the macula is fundamentally important for such sophisticated surgical procedures. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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