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A crescente ocupacao de forma desordenada e desigual nos municipios brasileiros tem desencadeando desequilibrios nos sistemas ambientais, gerando problemas de ordem funcional e estrutural no meio. Numa politica que prima pela conservacao e preservacao ambiental, essa realidade demanda, cada vez mais, estudos previos considerando as potencialidades e limitacoes dos sistemas naturais, como subsidios para o planejamento e gestao territorial. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve como objetivo realizar a analise e mapeamento da vulnerabilidade ambiental do Municipio de Inconfidentes – MG, segundo a metodologia estabelecida por Crepani et al. (2001). Os materiais e metodos abrangeram, alem de atividades de campo, interpolacao geoestatistica, processamento digital de imagens e analise geoespacial, por meio de algebra de mapas. Apos mapeamento, foram definidos os graus de vulnerabilidade para as categorias geologia, geomorfologia, pedologia, clima, uso e ocupacao da terra. O mapeamento de vulnerabilidade natural a perda de solo foi obtido a partir da media das variaveis geoambientais com seus respectivos pesos, via algebra de mapas. Os resultados demonstraram que a maior parte do municipio, aproximadamente 66%, apresentam baixo grau de vulnerabilidade, com maior estabilidade ambiental e com predominio do processo de pedogenese. Contudo, embora correspondendo a um percentual menor, as areas com vulnerabilidade intermediaria e com equilibrio entre os processos de pedogenese e morfogenese demandam maior atencao do poder publico e da sociedade, visando evitar a desestabilizacao destes meios e a instauracao de processos degradacionais. Analysis of Environmental Vulnerability in the Municipality of Inconfidentes - MG A B S T R A C T The increasing occupation in a disorderly and unequal way in Brazilian municipalities has triggered imbalances in environmental systems, generating functional and structural problems in the environment. In a policy that focuses on environmental conservation and preservation, this reality demands, more and more, previous studies considering the potentialities and limitations of natural systems, as subsidies for planning and territorial management. In this sense, this article aimed to perform the analysis and mapping of the environmental vulnerability of the Municipality of Inconfidentes - MG, according to the methodology established by Crepani et al. (2001). The materials and methods covered, in addition to field activities, geostatistical interpolation, digital image processing and geospatial analysis, through map algebra. After mapping, the degrees of vulnerability were defined for the categories geology, geomorphology, pedology, climate, land use and occupation. The mapping of natural Vulnerability was obtained from the mean of the geoenvironmental variables with their respective weights, via maps algebra. The results showed that the majority of the municipality, approximately 66%, has a low degree of vulnerability, with greater environmental stability and a predominance of the pedogenesis process. However, although corresponding to a smaller percentage, the areas with intermediate vulnerability and balance between pedogenesis and morphogenesis processes require greater attention from the public authorities and society, with a view to preventing the destabilisation of these resources and the introduction of degradational processes. Keywords: Map algebra, average interfluvial dimension, stability of natural systems, valley’s depth, geostatistical interpolation, morphogenesis-pedogenesis relationship |
