| Popis: |
The aqua-complex generally described as [2(T,Si)O3 — OH2 — Mn+Mm+O′4] is responsible for extraction, migration and deposition of metals during alteration of rock. Being a universal crystallochemical unit of the mineral continuum, aqua-complex mediates mineral reactions. Aqua-complex provides structural-chemical transformation and redeposition of mineral matter up to the formation of granite melt and related pegmatite and ongonite derivatives. T, Mn+ and Mm+ cations chemically bonded within a uniform energy structure of the aqua-complex migrate together resulting in known geochemical associations. Aqua-complex possesses a large energy capacity as its constituting cations have the bond energies with oxygen varying in a wide range. This allows converting energy imbalance in a mineral system caused by tectonics, lithosphere pressure and other causes to internal chemical energy of newly formed minerals. Metalliferous deposits of various styles form as a result of a response of the mineral system to the energy imbalance. Metals which were invisible in the mineral matter transform into mineral material by disintegrating the aqua-complex to the constituents: SiO2 (quartz), H2O, Mn+Mm+O′4(oxides, sulfides). Geologic evidence supports this mechanism. Specific examples demonstrate a prognostic power and promising technological effects of a novel view on ore-forming processes. |
