Evaluation of Solid-State Fermentation Techniques to Dispose of Atrazine and Carbofuran

Autor:	Richard A. Tomkinson, Glen H. Hetzel, Roderick W. Young, Donald E. Mullins, Duane F. Berry
Rok vydání:	1993
Předmět:	Biocide Environmental Engineering Waste management Lessivage Management Monitoring Policy and Law Pesticide Pollution chemistry.chemical_compound Waste treatment chemistry Solid-state fermentation Atrazine Leaching (agriculture) Waste Management and Disposal Carbofuran Water Science and Technology
Zdroj:	Journal of Environmental Quality. 22:366-374
ISSN:	0047-2425
DOI:	10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200020018x
Popis:	Methods to dispose of unused concentrated and dilute formulated pesticide suspensions or solutions such as rinsate are urgently needed by small-scale farm operators and applicators. The suitability of solid-state fermentation (SSF) techniques to dispose of atrazine (2-chloro-4-[ethylamino]-6[isopropylamino]-1,3,5-triazine, purity 99.0%) and carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate, purity (SEW) formulations was evaluated. Pesticides were added to bioreactors containing either sphagnum peat moss or steam-exploded wood (SEW) and monitored periodically for disappearance. Soil column leaching studies and the USEPA standard toxicity characteristic leaching procedurs were used to assess the potential environmental hazard of land application of spent lignocellulosic matrix materials.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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