| Popis: |
Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997. |
