A low-power integrated power converter for an electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with 150 mV-AC cold startup, frequency tuning, and 50 Hz AC-to-DC conversion
Autor: | Abraham Shin, Patrick Stanley Riehl, Ujwal Radhakrishna, Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Nachiket Desai, Phillip Nadeau, Jeffrey H. Lang, Yuechen Yang |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
010302 applied physics
Materials science Maximum power principle business.industry 020208 electrical & electronic engineering Electrical engineering Impedance matching Armstrong oscillator 02 engineering and technology 01 natural sciences law.invention Vibration Capacitor symbols.namesake law 0103 physical sciences 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering symbols business Transformer Electrical impedance Voltage |
Zdroj: | CICC |
Popis: | This paper demonstrates the first fully-functional integrated power converter designed to interface a MEMS-based electromagnetic (EM) vibration energy harvester for near-50 Hz operation. The IC accomplishes (i) cold startup from a 50 Hz–150-mV-peak AC input to a 1.1-V output, (ii) conjugate impedance matching for maximum power extraction along with resonant frequency tuning and (iii) input-AC-to-output-DC voltage conversion. Cold startup is achieved using an on-chip Meissner oscillator with an off-chip transformer. Thereafter, a self-timed current-feedback-based Η-bridge circuit is turned on for conjugate impedance matching with on-chip control and an off-chip microcontroller for impedance synthesis. The regular-operation Η-bridge circuit delivers 820 uW to a load capacitor at 71% efficiency at resonance. It also performs frequency tuning to deliver 650 uW (57%-efficiency) at 50% off-resonance, thereby demonstrating robustness to possible harvester-resonance variations due to manufacturing tolerances. This makes it the first demonstration of a full-system low-power interface IC for vibrational energy harvesters. The prototype is fabricated in 0.18 um CMOS process with an active area of 1.5 mm2. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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