The mandibles of castrated male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The effects of orchidectomy on bone and teeth
| Autor: | Qian Wang, Terry B. Kensler, Matthew J. Kessler, Paul C. Dechow |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Molar Periodontitis business.industry Osteoporosis Mandible Dentistry 030206 dentistry medicine.disease Temporomandibular joint stomatognathic diseases 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure stomatognathic system Anthropology Oral and maxillofacial pathology medicine Cortical bone Anatomy business Dental alveolus |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 159:31-51 |
| ISSN: | 0002-9483 |
| Popis: | Objectives The objectives of this study were to evaluate the long-term effects of orchidectomy and low testosterone on the craniofaciodental development and maintenance of skeletal and oral health in rhesus macaques. Materials and Methods Mandibles of four castrated and intact age-matched male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) from Cayo Santiago were compared for mandibular morphology and teeth, abnormalities, pathology, and cortical bone thickness and density using a digital sliding caliper and analysis of three-dimensional X-ray images. Results Although all four castrates were generally comparable to intact males in overall mandible and teeth size, there were some significant differences. In the castrates, (1) the distance between the two rami was narrower than in intact males leading to a relatively narrower and longer face; (2) both the mandibular body and ramus had thinner cortical bone leading to less total bone mass; and (3) the canines and molar teeth were slender with lower and less robust tooth cusps. In addition, the alveolar bone of two geriatric castrates was greatly receded with signs of periodontitis more severe than in intact aged males. Old castrates also had severe temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Discussion The findings suggest the importance of testosterone in craniofaciodental development, and maintenance of skeletal and oral health in male macaques. These results suggest that dental health professionals might want to include in their medical history questionnaires whether or not male patients have taken hormone (testosterone) replacement therapy. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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