Evaluation of heavy metal contamination in soil using geochemical indexing approaches and chemometric techniques
| Autor: | H. Rajkumar, Madhuri S. Rishi, Pradeep K. Naik |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
Cadmium Environmental Engineering Soil test media_common.quotation_subject chemistry.chemical_element Weathering 010501 environmental sciences Contamination 01 natural sciences chemistry Environmental chemistry Principal component analysis Environmental Chemistry Environmental science General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Enrichment factor Arsenic 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 16:7467-7486 |
| ISSN: | 1735-2630 1735-1472 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s13762-018-2081-4 |
| Popis: | This work attempts to make an appraisal of soil regime pollution by heavy metals in the hilly tracts of Nalagarh valley, Himachal Pradesh, India, using geochemical indexing approaches and chemometric techniques. Nalagarh valley houses various industries and is a centre of economic activities in Himachal Pradesh. Fifteen soil samples were collected and analysed for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc. Concentrations of these heavy metals lie within the prescribed limits of most developed countries including those of India with their average concentrations too lying within the crustal average shale values except that of cadmium, but assessment by geochemical indexing approaches such as geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, pollution load index and ecological risk indicates that cadmium, lead and copper are slowly contaminating the valley soil with potential ecological risk index varying between 48.07 and 157.00, which implies low-to-moderate risk intensity of metals on ecosystem. Principal component analysis extracts three principal components: Principal Component 1 loading on the metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese and lead) is regulated by mixed factor, Principal Component 2 (copper, lead and zinc) is influenced by anthropogenic inputs and Principal Component 3 (chromium and manganese) is influenced by weathering of parent materials. Cluster analysis has been integrated with potential ecological risk index to appraise its relations and validate the pollution factors affecting the potential ecotoxicity in the soil regime. Geochemical indexing approaches coupled with chemometric analysis, therefore, offer a robust method in detecting pollution and identifying mitigation measures. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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