Hydrocarbon emissions in flex fuel vehicles using ethanol: Preliminary results using a method implemented in Brazil
| Autor: | Bruno Siciliano, Graciela Arbilla, Luciana Neves Loureiro, Cleyton Martins da Silva, Pedro Caffaro Vicentini |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
Cold start (automotive) Waste management 020209 energy General Chemical Engineering Organic Chemistry Thermal desorption Energy Engineering and Power Technology Sampling (statistics) 02 engineering and technology Contamination Fuel Technology Hydrocarbon 020401 chemical engineering chemistry 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Flexible-fuel vehicle Environmental science Gas chromatography 0204 chemical engineering Driving cycle |
| Zdroj: | Fuel. 287:119506 |
| ISSN: | 0016-2361 |
| Popis: | Vehicle emissions are the main source of hydrocarbons (HC) in many urban areas. However, the determination of HC in exhaust emissions of vehicles fueled with ethanol is a great challenge, from the analytical point of view, due to the interference of several contaminants. In this study, sampling and analytical methods were implemented and optimized. Contamination during sampling and interference of non-burned ethanol and carbonyl compounds were minimized through a rigorous sampling and analytical procedure. Two flex fuel vehicles, using 100% v/v hydrous ethanol (E100), were tested. Vehicle exhaust samples were collected during emission testing with EPA-75 drive cycle (according to ABNT/NBR 6601) for each of the three phases: cold start, stabilized and hot start. The exhaust was collected in Tedlar® bags and transferred to electropolished stainless steel canisters. HC (C2-C12) in samples were analyzed using thermal desorption and gas chromatography with a mass spectrometry detector. Ethene, ethyne and ethane represented approximately 95% of measured non-methane hydrocarbons (C2-C12). Aromatic compounds were considered negligible ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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