Trade-offs between wind energy, recreational, and bark-beetle impacts on visual preferences of national park visitors
| Autor: | Renate Eder, Brigitte Allex, Maria Husslein, Martin Ebenberger, Arne Arnberger, Hemma Preisel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Bark beetle
Wind power Land use biology business.industry National park 020209 energy Visitor pattern Geography Planning and Development Forest management Environmental resource management 0211 other engineering and technologies 021107 urban & regional planning Forestry 02 engineering and technology Management Monitoring Policy and Law biology.organism_classification Natural resource Geography 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering business Recreation Nature and Landscape Conservation |
| Zdroj: | Land Use Policy. 76:166-177 |
| ISSN: | 0264-8377 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.05.007 |
| Popis: | Recreation pressure on natural resource settings, as well as the demand for new wind-energy production sites, is growing. In addition, extensive outbreaks of tree-killing insects are globally increasing. Protected-area managers are facing conflicts on proper land uses in and around their areas, and need information on visitor preferences for developing a land use policy for their area, accepted by the public. So far, little research has examined national park visitors’ responses to windmills and recreational infrastructures, visual changes in forest recreation settings resulting from forest insect infestations, high use pressures, and how visitors weigh trade-offs between these technical, biophysical, and socio-environment factors. This study explored national park visitor preferences with a discrete choice experiment that photographically simulated spruce forest stands with varying levels of recreational and technical infrastructures including the presence of windmills, bark beetle outbreaks, forest management practices, and visitor use levels. On-site surveys were conducted with visitors to the Bavarian Forest National Park in Germany (N = 514). Results revealed that the condition of the forest surrounding, followed by the presence of windmills, was the most important variable influencing visitors’ landscape preferences. Visitors preferred healthy mature forest stands and disliked forests with substantial dead wood, many windmills close to the viewpoint and high visitor numbers. Findings suggest that forest conditions and technical infrastructure are important concerns in addressing landscape preferences for forested protected areas and that trade-offs among these variables exist. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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