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Transit-oriented development is known to be a key important policy to decrease car travel. It places public transport as the main transport mode to fulfill urban mobility travel needs. However, public transport trip necessarily starts and/or ends with an active travel trip, either walking or cycling from and to the specific origin and destination. In turn, this particularity places active accessibility as an important tool that needs to go alongside transit-oriented development to achieve the desired travel pattern. On analyzing the potential number of residents and workers served by an integration of rail public transport, active modes, and shared mobility services in Lisbon, this chapter provides an overview of how these different modal integrations differ between each other. Results show that a bike-train integration provides the highest potential accessibility of all combinations. New shared mobility services are contributing very little to the existing public transport accessibility conditions, and eventually contributing to an increase in the social territorial inequalities, by specifically excluding low income and lower accessibility areas. Given the high cost associated with an eventual expansion of the public transport network, increasing active accessibility together with transit-oriented development might constitute an affordable low-tech solution with potential to increase public transport accessibility and decrease car usage. |
