Er/β-zeolite-catalyzed one-pot conversion of cellulose to lactic acid
| Autor: | Wen-Sheng Dong, Hui-Fang Ren, Fen-Fen Wang, Hai-Zhen Wu, Chunli Xu, Chun-Ling Liu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Mechanical Engineering Inorganic chemistry Infrared spectroscopy chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Fluorescence spectroscopy 0104 chemical sciences Catalysis Lactic acid Erbium chemistry.chemical_compound Adsorption chemistry Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Cellulose 0210 nano-technology Zeolite |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Porous Materials. 24:697-706 |
| ISSN: | 1573-4854 1380-2224 |
| Popis: | Various Er/β-zeolite catalysts were prepared by grafting erbium species in aqueous solutions of erbium chloride onto β-zeolites. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, N2 physical adsorption, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption. These catalysts were evaluated in the one-pot hydrothermal conversion of cellulose to lactic acid. Lactic acid yields of approximately 58 % were obtained using an erbium grafted on de-aluminated β zeolite (Er/deAlβ-2) with an erbium content of 12.4 wt% and a Si/Al ratio of 159:1. In catalyst recycling tests, the lactic acid yield decreased from 57.9 % in the first cycle to 51.2, 49.8 and 49.6 % in the second, third and fourth cycles, respectively. The decreases in catalytic activity during recycling are proposed to arise mainly from a combination of erbium ion leaching, deposition of carbon species in the zeolite pores and the partial structure collapse. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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