The Effects of Group versus Individual Goal Setting on Bowling Performance

Autor:	Edward F. Etzel, Frank M. Perna, Andrew C. Ostrow, Scott Johnson
Rok vydání:	1997
Předmět:	medicine.medical_specialty Individual sport Significant group Physical therapy medicine Repeated measures design Analysis of variance Psychology Interaction Social psychology Goal setting Applied Psychology
Zdroj:	The Sport Psychologist. 11:190-200
ISSN:	1543-2793 0888-4781
DOI:	10.1123/tsp.11.2.190
Popis:	The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of group and individual goal setting versus a control condition on bowling performance (BP), personal goals (PG), and perceived goal difficulty (PGD) across five weeks. Novice bowlers (N = 36) were randomly assigned to one of the three goal conditions. Three separate 3 × 5 (Goal Condition × Time: Weeks of Study) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant main effects for time on BP and PGD, and significant group by time interaction effects on BP and PG. The significant group × time interaction effects revealed that participants in the group goal setting condition increased both BP and PG relatively more than participants in the other goal setting conditions. Therefore, group goal setting may enhance performance in an individual sport by potentially increasing personal goal setting under difficult performance demands.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::55c578785b69e89ce9b8de54f9b0b75f https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.11.2.190 Zobrazit plný text záznamu