| Popis: |
Introduction: PM2.5 air pollution causes death and morbidity in populations, 4.2 million premature deaths have been reported worldwide per year and can cause cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer, among other diseases. As a result, it is important to know the sources that produce them.Objective: Determine the possible Sources of Risk (SR) to health, by inhalation of Elemental Chemical Composition (EQC) obtained from PM2.5 samples in the Toluca Valley (TV).Method: Sampling was carried out (26/11/16-14/03/18) in San Mateo Atenco, Ceboruco, Nueva Oxtotitlán, San Lorenzo Tepaltitlán, Zinacantepec and San Cristóbal Huichochitlán, using medium volume equipment every six days for 24 hours. It was calculated: gravimetry, analysis by atomic technique PIXE (Proton Induced X-Ray Emission) to obtain the EQC. The emission sources were determined with multivariate analysis, the elemental risk for three sensitive classes of the population and their possible sources of risk. Results: The SRs determined: Dust-Soil, Industry, Hydrocarbons, Vehicle, Burn-Fuels, Fine Gravimetric Mass, Coal burning, Metallurgy and Sulphates. Discussion: The SRs with the highest values, for sensitive populations, were Industry and Dust-Soil, this as a consequence of the large number of existing industries that produce EQC. Conclusion: The risks of inhalation of EQC present in PM2.5 for sampling sites were high, because of this there is a high probability of contracting some diseases that can be caused by EQC. The risk determined for sources in the ZMTV, to date, does not exist in similar research in the literature. |
