Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 p24 Antigen in U.S. Blood Donors — An Assessment of the Efficacy of Testing in Donor Screening

Autor: Paul M. Ness, Sandy Ellisor, Linda Belcher, Jay H. Herman, Peter Tomasulo, German Leparc, S. Gerald Sandler, Richard A. Kaslow, Linda Chandler, Paul V. Holland, Jay E. Menitove, Harvey G. Klein, Harvey J. Alter, Robert Randell, Gerald I. Shulman, Mike Busch, Ron Gilcher, Indira Hewlett, Paul G. Schmidt, Jan Forey, Lynda S. Doll, Mark A. Popovsky, John W. Ward, Amoz I. Chernoff, Merlin H. Sayers, Kate Rothko, Steven Kleinman, Sally G. Swenson, Jay S. Epstein, Alfred J. Grindon, Bruce A. Lenes, Lyle Peterson, William Sherwood, David Fortenberry, Hilda McDonald, Pablo Fortes, Ernest R. Simon, Herbert A. Perkins, Mark A. Rayfield, Mark J. VanRaden
Rok vydání: 1990
Předmět:
Zdroj: New England Journal of Medicine. 323:1312-1317
ISSN: 1533-4406
0028-4793
DOI: 10.1056/nejm199011083231905
Popis: Background. We performed a multicenter study in 1989 to determine whether screening whole-blood donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen would improve transfusion safety by identifying carriers of the virus who are seronegative for HIV-1 antibody. Methods. More than 500,000 donations were tested at 13 U.S. blood centers with test kits from two manufacturers. Units found repeatedly reactive were retested in a central laboratory; if the results were positive, they were confirmed by a neutralization assay. A subgroup of units was also tested for HIV-1 by the polymerase chain reaction. Selected donors confirmed or not confirmed as having p24 antigen were contacted for follow-up interviews to identify risk factors and undergo retesting for HIV-1 markers. Results. Positive tests for p24 antigen were confirmed by neutralization in five donors (0.001 percent of all donations tested), all of whom were also positive for HIV-1 antibody and HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction. Three ...
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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