Histopathology of the Rheumatoid Joint
| Autor: | A.J. Freemont |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Mechanisms and Models in Rheumatoid Arthritis ISBN: 9780123404404 Mechanisms and Models in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| Popis: | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is better described as rheumatoid disease—a multisystem disorder in which synovial joints are the most commonly involved organ system. In very general terms, there are three major pathological entities in rheumatoid disease: local tissue inflammation, the rheumatoid nodule, and a vasculitis. Local tissue inflammation consists of a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate in which lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages predominate. It is associated with local tissue damage and reparative fibrosis. Histologically, the rheumatoid nodule is a serpiginous area of tissue necrosis surrounded by radially orientated (pallisaded) lines of macrophages. The vasculitis in rheumatoid disease may affect the arterial or venous sides of the circulation. In arteries, there are two major types of vasculitis: a necrotizing arteritis, in which mural polymorphs are the characteristic feature leading to vascular occlusion and tissue infarction; and a subacute or lymphocyte/macrophage mediated arteritis which may cause either ischaemia or infarction. Patients with inflamed rheumatoid joints are more likely to develop a reactive type of arthropathy, usually in a previously diseased joint, than in the general population. The major distinguishing feature of a superimposed reactive arthritis is the presence of cytophagocytic macrophages in the synovial fluid, even though in the underlying disease their formation is inhibited. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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