Regulation of Brn3b by Dlx1 and Dlx2 is required for retinal ganglion cell differentiation in the vertebrate retina
| Autor: | Shaohong Cheng, Shunzhen Zhang, Rajiv Dixit, Jimmy de Melo, Carol Schuurmans, Qi Zhang, Jeffrey T. Wigle, David D. Eisenstat, Nadean L. Brown, Jamie Zagozewski, William H. Klein, Xiuqian Mu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
genetic structures Cellular differentiation DLX2 Retinal Biology Embryonic stem cell Cell biology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Retinal ganglion cell medicine Cancer research Homeobox sense organs Progenitor cell Molecular Biology Ganglion cell layer Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Development. |
| ISSN: | 1477-9129 0950-1991 |
| Popis: | Regulated retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation and axonal guidance is required for a functional visual system. Homeodomain and basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors are required for retinogenesis, as well as patterning, differentiation and maintenance of specific retinal cell types. We hypothesized that Dlx1, Dlx2 and Brn3b homeobox genes function in parallel intrinsic pathways to determine RGC fate and therefore generated Dlx1/Dlx2/Brn3b triple-knockout mice. A more severe retinal phenotype was found in the Dlx1/Dlx2/Brn3b-null retinas than was predicted by combining features of the Brn3b single- and Dlx1/Dlx2 double-knockout retinas, including near total RGC loss with a marked increase in amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer. Furthermore, we discovered that DLX1 and DLX2 function as direct transcriptional activators of Brn3b expression. Knockdown of Dlx2 expression in primary embryonic retinal cultures and Dlx2 gain of function in utero strongly support that DLX2 is both necessary and sufficient for Brn3b expression in vivo We suggest that ATOH7 specifies RGC-committed progenitors and that Dlx1 and Dlx2 function both downstream of ATOH7 and in parallel, but cooperative, pathways that involve regulation of Brn3b expression to determine RGC fate. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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